Name: Coastal organic pollution

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Description: The impact of land-based anthropogenic drivers of change on ocean ecosystems was evaluated with a 4 step process. First, watershed boundaries were developed with an automated flow-accumulation process. Then, data for land-based drivers (nutrient input, non-point source organic and inorganic pollution, and direct impact of humans) were spatially distributed onto the landscape with ancillary data. Nutrient and non-point source organic pollution data came from Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) national statistics and were distributed across landscapes in agricultural lands with dasymetric techniques. Non-point source inorganic pollution was modelled with global 1 km2 impervious surface area data under the assumption that most of this pollution comes from urban runoff. After that, values for these three anthropogenic drivers were then aggregated to the watershed and distributed to the pour point (i.e., stream and river mouths) for the watershed with raster statistics. Finally, spread of the driver values into coastal waters at each pour point was modelled with a cost-path surface on the basis of a decay function that assigns a fixed amount of the driver in the initial cell and then evenly distributes the remaining amount of driver in all adjacent and 'unvisited' cells, repeated until a minimum threshold is reached. This approach to modelling river plumes is diffusive and so allows drivers to wrap around headlands and islands, but does not account for nearshore advection that acts to push drivers in particular directions.

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Copyright Text: National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, 735 State Street - Santa Barbara, California, USA. http://www.nceas.ucsb.edu/GlobalMarine

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